Berliet: de l39;automobile, du bus, au camion en passant par le train

Berliet was a French manufacturer connected with automobiles, buses, trucks and military motor vehicles among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from some sort of five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it was put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired simply by Renault in 1974 along with merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks business in 1978. The Berliet marque was phased out by 1980.Marius Berliet started their experiments with automobiles throughout 1894. Some single-cylinder cars were being followed in 1900 with a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the particular plant of Audibert & Lavirotte inside Lyon. Berliet started to build four-cylinder automobiles featured by the honeycomb radiator and material chassis frame was used as an alternative to wood. The next year, a model was launched which was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the licence for manufacturing his model on the American Locomotive Company.

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Just before World War I, Berliet offered a choice of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models acquired four-cylinder engines (2412 cc and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder model of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc product (12 CV) ended up being produced between 1910 and 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders only.The First World War triggered a massive increase sought after. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the particular French army. The military orders placed major demands for the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment in production plant and manufacturing plant space.In 1915 a 400 hectare site was ordered between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest as a way to build a new primary factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck around the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entry at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 heap Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the particular French army. During 1916 40 of them were leaving the plant everyday. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also generating shells and battle tanks at this time. The number of staff employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the price of annual turnover got multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new legitimate structure was deemed appropriate. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Automobiles Marius Berliet.Following the war the manufacturer reoriented part of its production back for you to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless discovered themselves with excess potential, as the army was don't buying all the pickups the factory could develop, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards the outbreak of peace by deciding to produce just a single form of truck and a single type of car, which represented a journeying from his pre-war industry strategy. The single truck on what Berliet focused was this 5 ton CBA that had served the nation so well during the war.

le Berliet Cruisair 3 le jour de son arrivée à SaintMartind

The passenger car to become produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand with the 15th Paris Motor Indicate in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Type VB" of modern visual appeal. Marius Berliet was not just one to miss a technique: rather than devote time period and engineering talent to creating a new car for the newest decade, he obtained and copied an American Dodge. The Dodge was notoriously robust, and the Berliet replicate was well received in March 1919 when this had its first community outing, locally, at the Lyon Buy and sell Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and also the simple disc wheels have been large, giving the car a pleasing "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the buying price of just 11, 800 francs in March 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure that the steel used inside the car's construction was from the same quality as the American steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for your early customers of the "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.

Autobus d39;Autrefois

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The factory ended up set up to produce the "Berliet Type VB" at the rate of 100 cars per day which would have also been an ambitious target beneath any circumstances. The rapid drop-off widely used for what at this time was the manufacturer's only passenger car model that followed the coffee quality issues plunged the organization into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded available as one year. Survival was in question, and Berliet was slipped into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% on the share capital, but was unable to repay all the company's creditors plus the firm therefore fell to the hands of the banking companies. Berliet was nevertheless capable of retain operational control. During the ensuring ten years, supported by a sustained recovery widely used that in turn reflected a highly effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able in order to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control above the business from the banking companies.

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